ECOTOXICOLOGICAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF THE NATURAL DYE ALIZARIN USING AQUATIC ORGANISMS

Amanda Rocha Rodrigues; ADRIA CALOTO DE OLIVEIRA; Gabriela Cristina Fonseca Almeida; Natália Oliveira de Farias; ANJAINA FERNANDES DE ALBUQUERQUE; Marina Tenório Botelho; Gisela Umbuzeiro

Todos os Trabalhos

Trabalho

Título do Trabalho

ECOTOXICOLOGICAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF THE NATURAL DYE ALIZARIN USING AQUATIC ORGANISMS

Autores

Amanda Rocha Rodrigues
ADRIA CALOTO DE OLIVEIRA
Gabriela Cristina Fonseca Almeida
Natália Oliveira de Farias
ANJAINA FERNANDES DE ALBUQUERQUE
Marina Tenório Botelho
Gisela Umbuzeiro

Modalidade

Resumo

Área temática

Ecotoxicologia

Data de Publicação

15/04/2024

País da Publicação

Brasil

Idioma da Publicação

Português

Página do Trabalho

https://www.even3.com.br/anais/xv-laseac-x-enqamb-2024i/786724-ecotoxicological-hazard-assessment-of-the-natural-dye-alizarin-using-aquatic-organisms

ISBN

978-65-272-0404-6

Palavras-Chave

Microalgae, Microcrustacean, Amphipod, Fish, Acute toxicity

Resumo

Alizarin is a natural dye from the anthraquinone class. It has been used as an acid-base indicator and as a dye in several industrial processes including textiles. Therefore, it is a potential environmental contaminant. Alizarin is mutagenic in the Salmonella/microsome test with the addition of S9 metabolic activation and is toxic to the Lemna gibba, phytoplankton and zebrafish. In the aquatic environment, anthraquinones can undergo a photosensitization reaction, releasing reactive oxygen species, which can cause photoinduced toxicity. The aim of this work was to complement aquatic toxicological data using the microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata, the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia similis, the marine amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis and embryos of the freshwater fish Danio rerio. Also, the effect of light on the acute toxicity to D. similis was studied. Alizarin was dissolved in DMSO to its solubility limit (1.93 g/L) and tested at the maximum concentration of 0.01% DMSO in the media as recommended by OECD in concentration response experiments. A 72-hour exposure chronic toxicity test was performed with R. subcapitata. Acute toxicity tests with D. similis were carried out for 48 h with photoperiod of 16:8 h, constant light and dark. Acute tests with P. hawaiensis and D. rerio were performed for 96 h and 168 h, respectively, with photoperiod of 12:12 h. Data was analyzed applying generalized logistic models. Alizarin did not inhibit the growth of R. subcapitata or cause lethal effect for P. hawaiensis (IC50 or LC50>193 µg/L). For D. rerio, LC50 of alizarin was 39.6 ± 7.2 µg/L and for D. similis, EC50 was 90.3 ± 0.3 µg/L. Constant light did not alter the toxicity of alizarin in D. similis (EC50 105 ± 55.8 µg/L) but in the dark, the toxicity increased (EC50 of 68.6 ± 1.2 µg/L). To complement the study of the effect of light, the absorbance spectra were measured with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. This was performed with a solution at the highest concentration tested, prepared in the D. similis culture media (193 µg/L) before and after the exposure in the acute test. Before the exposure, alizarin showed absorbance peaks at 250nm and 530nm. After 48 h in constant light, the peaks shifted to 270nm and 570 nm, indicating dye degradation. In the 16:8 h photoperiod there was a slight shift in the absorbance peak, following the same behavior as in the constant light condition. In the dark, the initial peaks of alizarin did not shift along the exposure time. We observed that photodegradation of alizarin reduced its toxicity. But in the dark or light conditions, alizarin can be classified as category 1 for aquatic acute toxicity in the Global Harmonization System (GHS). We concluded that D. rerio was the most sensitive organism and light did not increase the toxicity of this anthraquinone, at least for D. similis. Toxicity data obtained in this work were considered relevant and reliable according to the Criteria for Reporting and Evaluating Ecotoxicity Data (CRED) and can be used in the future for Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) derivation.

Título do Evento: XV LASEAC - X ENQAmb 2024.
Cidade do Evento: Ouro Preto
Título dos Anais do Evento: Anais do XV LASEAC (Latin American Symposium on Environmental Analytical Chemistry) & X ENQAmb (Encontro Nacional de Química Ambiental)
Nome da Editora: Even3
Meio de Divulgação: Meio Digital

Como citar

RODRIGUES, Amanda Rocha et al.. ECOTOXICOLOGICAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF THE NATURAL DYE ALIZARIN USING AQUATIC ORGANISMS.. In: . Disponível em: https//www.even3.com.br/anais/xv-laseac-x-enqamb-2024i/786724-ECOTOXICOLOGICAL-HAZARD-ASSESSMENT-OF-THE-NATURAL-DYE-ALIZARIN-USING-AQUATIC-ORGANISMS. Acesso em: 28/08/2025