GENETIC DIVERSITY AND SELECTION FOOTPRINTS IN THE GENOME OF BRAZILIAN SOYBEAN CULTIVARS

Heitor Calux Mendonça; Gustavo César Sant'Ana; Luiz Filipe Protasio Pereira; Anderson Rotter Meda; Alexandre Garcia; João Vitor Maldonado dos Santos

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Trabalho

Título do Trabalho

GENETIC DIVERSITY AND SELECTION FOOTPRINTS IN THE GENOME OF BRAZILIAN SOYBEAN CULTIVARS

Autores

Heitor Calux Mendonça
Gustavo César Sant'Ana
Luiz Filipe Protasio Pereira
Anderson Rotter Meda
Alexandre Garcia
João Vitor Maldonado dos Santos

Modalidade

Resumo

Área temática

Biotecnologia e Genômica

Data de Publicação

16/02/2022

País da Publicação

Brasil

Idioma da Publicação

Inglês

Página do Trabalho

https://www.even3.com.br/anais/cbmp2021/414480-genetic-diversity-and-selection-footprints-in-the-genome-of-brazilian-soybean-cultivars

ISBN

978-65-5941-579-3

Palavras-Chave

Soybean, Genetic Diversity, Selection Signatures

Resumo

To develop increasingly productive varieties, breeders must explore the genetic diversity available in a species. Thus, a wide genetic diversity is essential to breeding programs. A small number of studies analyzed the genetic diversity of Brazilian soybean, all of which found a narrow genetic base and limited genetic diversity. The objectives of this work were to analyze the population structure, genetic diversity and to identify selection signatures in the genome of soybean germplasms from different companies in Brazil. A panel of 343 soybean lines from Brazil, North America and Asia was genotyped through GBS (Genotyping by Sequencing). Population structure was assessed by Bayesian (STRUCTURE) and multivariate (Principal Component Analysis) approaches. Genetic diversity was analyzed using metrics such as the Fixation Index (FST), nucleotide diversity (p), genetic dissimilarity (IBS) and linkage disequilibrium decay (R²). The software Bayescan was used to detect selection signatures between Brazilian and Asian accessions as well as among Brazilian germplasms. Region of origin, company of origin and RMG (Relative Maturity Group) all had a significant influence on population structure. Varieties belonging to the same company and especially to the same RMG exhibit a high level of genetic similarity. This result was exacerbated among early maturing accessions. Brazilian soybean showed significantly lower genetic diversity when compared to Asian accessions. This was expected, as the crop’s region of origin is its main genetic diversity reserve, as found by previous studies. Interestingly, when comparing brazilian germplasms among themselves, we found that portfolios containing varieties with a more diverse set of RMG values tend to exhibit a larger genetic diversity when compared to those comprised mainly of early maturing accessions. We identified 7 markers under selection between Brazilian and Asian accessions and 27 among Brazilian varieties developed by different companies. We found 96 QTLs for important soybean breeding traits associated to these markers such as flowering, maturity, plant architecture, productivity components, pathogen resistance and seed composition. Some of the QTL associated with the markers under selection have causal genes of great importance to soybean’s regional adaptation. The results reported herein are a valuable resource to breeding programs, aiding in divergent parental selection as well as presenting regions under selection that can be explored by breeders to increase soybean productivity and adaptability in the many brazilian growing environments.

Título do Evento: 11º Congresso Brasileiro de Melhoramento de Plantas
Título dos Anais do Evento: Anais 11º Congresso Brasileiro de Melhoramento de Plantas.
Nome da Editora: Even3
Meio de Divulgação: Meio Digital
DOI: Obter o DOI

Como citar

MENDONÇA, Heitor Calux et al.. GENETIC DIVERSITY AND SELECTION FOOTPRINTS IN THE GENOME OF BRAZILIAN SOYBEAN CULTIVARS.. In: Anais 11º Congresso Brasileiro de Melhoramento de Plantas.. Anais...Pelotas(RS) UFPel, 2021. Disponível em: https//www.even3.com.br/anais/cbmp2021/414480-GENETIC-DIVERSITY-AND-SELECTION-FOOTPRINTS-IN-THE-GENOME-OF-BRAZILIAN-SOYBEAN-CULTIVARS. Acesso em: 27/07/2024